It is widely accepted that antimicrobial resistance is amongst the key health challenge of our times, although antifungal resistance is often left out of the conversation. However, fungal infections affect vulnerable patients and are associated with high morbidity and mortality – compounded by a paucity of available antifungal agents, outcomes are even worse when drug resistance is present. This talk will report on a WHO project, led by Australian researchers, to rank fungal pathogens according to their research and development needs and their public health impact. Using a combination of systematic reviews, discrete choice experiments, multi-criteria decision analysis techniques, and drug pipeline analyses, our project revealed that multi-drug resistance was a key driver behind perceived need for R&D. Preliminary results from this project will be contextualised according to the under-recognised emerging and established health threats from drug resistant fungal pathogens.